(Hyphenation and Justification). Capability in typesetting in which all lines are set to identical width with the right and left margins aligned.

Refers generally to those web offset presses 17 3/4" x 26" in size.

Reproduction of continuous tone artwork. A screening process converts the image to dots of various size.

Paper that has been smoothed to give it a suitable printing surface on the top side. Basic size: 19" x 24". Basis weight: 100, 120, and 140 lb/ream.

Paper with a rough finish resembling handmade paper.

Paper made by hand, usually as separate sheets with a rough finish and a deckle edge.

Paper that has been treated with a large amount of internal size to increase its resistance to moisture.

Term born of the application of electronic technology to the graphic arts process. Hardcopy is information written, typed, copied or printed on paper as opposed to information in electronic, magnetic, punched paper tape, film or video display form. However, the finished printed document is not usually referred to as hardcopy but as a finished piece.

Wood from deciduous trees.

A box at the head of a Fourdrinier that distributes and regulates the flow of the furnish (pulp) to the machine wire.

Chemically hardened or dried by heat.

Inks used in high-speed web offset. They set rapidly under heat and are quickly chilled.

Also known as duplicating paper.

In offset printing, spots in the printed piece caused by extraneous material, such as dirt and paper particles.

Antique finish book paper bulking from 440 to 344 pages to an inch for 25" x 38"-45 lb. Other weights are in proportion.

Refers to paper with a smooth, hard coating.

Lightest or whitest parts in a picture represented in engraved plate by the absence of all dots.

Ledger paper characterized by a flexible section incorporated into the sheet. This is accomplished by removing some of the fiber on the paper machine, generally by suction. The hinge appears about 5/8" from the margin of the sheet. The hinged area is thinner than the balance of the sheet thus allowing the loose-leaf sheets to lie flat when placed in a binder. Hinged ledger also refers to ledger sheets that contain a linen hinge made by gluing a strip of linen to one side of the sheet.

Term refers to the ability of a sheet to resist penetration by liquid substances such as ink.

Moisture condition of the air. Relative humidity is the percent of moisture relative to the actual amount which air, at any given temperature, can retain without precipitation.

Vat with a special type of agitator used to hydrate and prepare pulp for papermaking.

In papermaking, the process of beating the pulp which increases its ability to hold water. This causes the resulting sheet to obtain the desired moisture content. In general, it increases strength and decreases opacity.

Pressure applied evenly by means of oil under pressure.

Paper with an affinity for water, Lithographic plate, non-image area which accepts water.

Device that measures the relative humidity of the air.

Ability to absorb water vapor from the surrounding atmosphere.

Strong, low-finish, lightweight opaque book paper for printing hymnals.