Trimmed four sides. Symbol indicating that the paper has been trimmed on all four sides. Literal translation.

A grade of paper used for the manufacture of tablets designed primarily for writing.

Hard sized for pen and ink.

First parallel fold.

In reference to paper characteristics, the pulling power or separation force of ink causing picking or splitting of weak papers.

Designed to be used for such items as baggage tags and store item tags. Also used for general printing purposes.

Copy paper.

One roll stand behind another to simultaneously feed multiple webs of paper into a web offset press.

Technical Association of the Pulp and Paper Industry. Membership consists of technical personnel from the paper industry world-wide and representatives of companies selling papermaking equipment and materials. Publishes the recognized testing standards.

The weight of the container and/or wrapper deducted from the gross weight to determine the net weight of the contents.

Totally chlorine free: Paper pulp made from a bleaching process that may use combinations of chelating agents (EDTA, DTPA), ozone, hydrogen peroxide, oxygen, peracids and sodium hydroxide. TCF bleaching does not use chlorine gas or chlorine dioxide.

Tear is the amount of work required to tear paper through a fixed distance after the tear is started. See Chapter 6.

Tensile strength relates to the stress and strain to which paper is subjected in its many end use applications. It is defined as the maximum force required to break a paper strip of a given width under prescribed laboratory conditions. See Chapter 6.

Finishes can vary from offset paper smoothness to turkish towel roughness.

High quality printing papers available in a multiplicity of colors and finishes. Although there are "text" papers with plain finishes, the use of the word "text" is linked to characteristic textured finishes. As applied in the printing-writing paper industry, the term "text paper" does not apply to book publishing papers.

Letterpress printing in which a special ink, while still wet, is dusted with a retinous powder. Then the sheets are baked, fusing the powder with the ink, giving it a raised effect.

When producing a mechanical pulp, the wood chips are first pretreated with steam under pressure for softening thereby providing for easier fiber separation. In the second step, they are subjected to the mechanical, defiberization forces of a rotating disk refiner.

In reference to paper, measurement in thousandths of an inch.

Any bristol used for ticket purposes. It is usually made from mechanical fibers and/or wastepaper.

Printing plate with customized surfaces to print solid colors or patterns, stipple line or dot arrangements in tints of inks. Tint blocks are also used to deepen colors in an illustration.

In paper, combination board with colored back liner.

Thin translucent paper placed over art work for protection; used to indicate color breaks and to indicate corrections.

Papers characterized by lightness and transparency. The majority of the volume is represented by sanitary tissue products such as towels, toilet tissues, napkins and facial tissues. Also includes other products with weight less than 24" x 36" 18 lb. per ream such as fruit and vegetable wraps, pattern tissues and creped wadding.

Chemical substance used as loading for coating material to increase the whiteness and brightness of a sheet and contribute to its opacity.

Permissible degree of variation from a pre-set standard.

Color varying from almost white to cream.

This phrase usually refers to a paper or pulp mill's capacity and production.

In reference to characteristics of paper, a slightly rough paper which permits acceptance of ink readily.

In reference to paper, designates the felt side of a sheet of paper. The top side of a sheet is the side not against the wire during manufacture. In paperboard, the top is the side that exhibits the best quality.

Surface or tub sizing of paper which has previously been internally sized.

Refers to the outermost liner of paperboard.

A bristol made on a cylinder machine used where extra strength is needed. Usually available in colors coated one or two sides.

Ability to transmit light without being transparent.

Category of papers manufactured as master copies for blueprint and ozalid reproduction methods. Basic size 17" x 22"/500 sheets. Basis weight: 11, 13, 15 and 16 lbs.

Property of material that transmits light rays so that objects can be seen distinctly through the spectrum.

A printing ink which does not conceal the color below. Process inks are transparent.

Three-layer metal offset plate. One layer is the base for the non-image area. The second layer is the image area and the third layer, the thickest, serves as the base of the others.

(1) Widest sheet of finished paper than can be made on a paper machine. (2) To cut true to the exact size. (3) Excess of paper allowed a print sheet for gripper and bleed.

Machine equipped with a guillotine blade that can cut paper to the desired size.

Cylinder made middle-liner board with white or colored papers surfaced with a layer of a different color.

Also known as surface-sized. The term refers to a sheet that has been subjected to a sizing agent by passing through a tub of sizing material on the paper machine. (See surface sized).

Head to foot printing.

Tunnel-like compartment through which paper or board travels for drying.

Paper machine using two vertical wires. The pulp slurry is injected between the two wires with water being removed from both sides of the sheet of paper as it is formed. Paper made on such a machine does not have the two-sidedness of paper made on a Fourdrinier paper machine.

Used on letterpress printing presses by packing between platen and printed sheet. The sheet is characterized by high tensile strength, resistance to oil, ink and chemicals.

Styles of type with respect to the design of the characters: Roman (with serif), Gothic (sans serif). There are several thousand typefaces to choose from. Also variations in sizes and styles--light, medium, bold, condensed and italic.